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Theodor Speranția
Theodor Dimitrie Speranția (born Theodor Dimitrie Nădejde; May 4, 1856–March 9, 1929) was a Romanian playwright, humorist, folklorist and journalist.
Born in Deleni, Iași County, his father was D. Nădejde, a Romanian Orthodox deacon; his son was poet Eugeniu Sperantia;〔 and he was the cousin of political brothers Ioan and Gheorghe Nădejde.〔Stănuța Crețu, ''Dicționarul literaturii române de la origini pînă la 1900'', p. 605. Bucharest: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, 1979.〕 He attended primary school at Târgu Frumos, where a teacher changed ''Nădejde'' to ''Speranția'' (both words, the first Slavic and the second Latin in origin, signify "hope"). He then entered the Veniamin Costachi seminary in Iași, which he left under the influence of socialist ideas. Subsequently, he entered the faculties of science and of literature and philosophy at the University of Iași. Together with the Nădejde brothers and Nicolae Russel, he published the socialist newspaper ''Besarabia''. He entered the Iași socialist circle in 1880 and was one of the founders of its ''Contemporanul'' magazine, to which he contributed from 1881 to 1888. At that point, he moved to Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu's ''Revista nouă''. Together with Zamfir Arbore and Ștefan Besarabeanu, he published ''Amicul copiilor'' in 1891. He enrolled at the University of Liège, where he earned a doctorate in literature and philosophy in 1886. While there, he became acquainted with the European folklore revival and delved into comparative literature. He subsequently moved to the Romanian capital Bucharest. In 1906, in a private capacity, he taught a course on domestic folk literature at the University of Bucharest.〔
Speranția made his published debut with poems in ''Perdaful'' in 1873. Publications for which he wrote include ''Contemporanul'', ''Adevărul'', ''Convorbiri Literare'', ''Dimineața'', ''Drepturile omului'', ''Familia'', ''Graiul nostru'', ''Literatura și arta română'', ''Munca literară și științifică'', ''Noua revistă română'', ''Rampa'', ''Revista nouă'' and ''Universul literar''. He edited several of his own magazines, including ''Caşcavalul'', ''Tămâia'' and ''Revista copiilor''. He published numerous books of entertaining stories (''Anecdote populare'', 1889; ''Anecdote afumate'', 1898; ''Anecdote botezate'', 1903; ''Anecdote piperate'', 1903; ''Anecdote nouă'', 1909; ''Anecdote marinate'', 1911; ''Anecdote cu minuni'', 1918; ''Anecdote cu noroc'', 1918; ''Anecdote proaspete'', 1926), plays (''Teatru'', I, 1894; ''Mama soacra...'', 1894; ''De necaz'', 1900; ''Ce face beția'', 1900; ''Ce poate lenevia'', 1908; ''Teatru de familie'', 1912; ''Curcanii'', 1922; ''Lângă pământ'', 1922), novels (''Feighéla'', 1902; ''Fete de azi'', I-II, 1908; ''Mă-nșală'', 1921), children's stories (''Chițibuș cel drăguț'', 1929) and folklore studies (''Introducere în literatura populară română'', 1904; ''Miorița și călușarii'', 1914). He was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1891.〔Aurel Sasu (ed.), ''Dicționarul biografic al literaturii române'', vol. II, p. 592. Pitești: Editura Paralela 45, 2004. ISBN 973-697-758-7〕
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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